Stockholm · September · relief from the heat

Coolest places to go from Stockholm in September

In September, the coolest well-known place within 15 hours of Stockholm is Reykjavik, Iceland, 7.1 °C cooler than Stockholm and 6.3 h sun a day, about 6h 18m each way by air. Without flying, it is Östersund, Sweden, 3.9 °C cooler than Stockholm, about 8h 12m each way by train, for about 39× less carbon (13.7 kg CO₂e return against 536 kg).

The 10 coolest places within 15 hours of Stockholm

Ranked on relief from the heat in September alone, among well-known places (a Wikivoyage travel guide and at least 40,000 Wikipedia readers a year), one per area and at most three per country. The carbon is shown, not used to choose: the list further down is the other question, how much relief from the heat each extra kilogram buys.

Reykjavik, Iceland7.1 °C cooler · 6.3 h sun a day · 3.5 mm rain a day · sea 10.8 °Cair ≈ 6h 18m · 536 kg CO₂e return
Tromsø, Norway4.9 °C cooler · 4.9 h sun a day · 5.2 mm rain a dayair ≈ 5h · 289 kg CO₂e return
Östersund, Sweden3.9 °C cooler · 7.7 h sun a day · 2.6 mm rain a dayrail ≈ 8h 12m · 13.7 kg CO₂e return
Bodø, Norway3.7 °C cooler · 5.2 h sun a day · 6.6 mm rain a day · sea 13.0 °Crail ≈ 15h · 26.6 kg CO₂e return
Rovaniemi, Finland3.4 °C cooler · 6.0 h sun a day · 3.5 mm rain a dayair ≈ 4h 42m · 222 kg CO₂e return
Trondheim, Norway2.8 °C cooler · 7.0 h sun a day · 5.8 mm rain a dayrail ≈ 10h 48m · 18.0 kg CO₂e return
Stirling, United Kingdom2.3 °C cooler · 7.2 h sun a day · 3.3 mm rain a dayair ≈ 5h 18m · 339 kg CO₂e return
Sundsvall, Sweden2.3 °C cooler · 8.4 h sun a day · 2.3 mm rain a day · sea 14.2 °Crail ≈ 6h 30m · 10.1 kg CO₂e return
Luleå, Sweden2.3 °C cooler · 7.7 h sun a day · 2.4 mm rain a day · sea 14.3 °Crail ≈ 12h · 21.4 kg CO₂e return
Dundee, United Kingdom2.2 °C cooler · 7.7 h sun a day · 2.0 mm rain a day · sea 13.9 °Cair ≈ 5h 12m · 321 kg CO₂e return

Without flying

The coolest places the train reaches within 15 hours. Östersund is 3.9 °C cooler for 13.7 kg — about 39× less carbon than flying to Reykjavik.

Östersund, Sweden3.9 °C cooler · 7.7 h sun a day · 2.6 mm rain a dayrail ≈ 8h 12m · 13.7 kg CO₂e return
Bodø, Norway3.7 °C cooler · 5.2 h sun a day · 6.6 mm rain a day · sea 13.0 °Crail ≈ 15h · 26.6 kg CO₂e return
Trondheim, Norway2.8 °C cooler · 7.0 h sun a day · 5.8 mm rain a dayrail ≈ 10h 48m · 18.0 kg CO₂e return
Bergen, Norway2.5 °C cooler · 6.5 h sun a day · 8.8 mm rain a day · sea 15.6 °Crail ≈ 12h 24m · 21.3 kg CO₂e return
Sundsvall, Sweden2.3 °C cooler · 8.4 h sun a day · 2.3 mm rain a day · sea 14.2 °Crail ≈ 6h 30m · 10.1 kg CO₂e return
Luleå, Sweden2.3 °C cooler · 7.7 h sun a day · 2.4 mm rain a day · sea 14.3 °Crail ≈ 12h · 21.4 kg CO₂e return

≈ is the model's estimate (air times include getting to and through the airport); ✓ is a rail journey checked against a real timetable, with the date it was checked. Temperatures are historical daily means for 2023–2024, averaged across day and night, so afternoons run warmer.

The low-carbon trade-off

The coolest place you can reach from Stockholm in September within 15 hours is Reykjavik, 7.1 °C cooler, costing 536 kg CO₂e return. The lowest-carbon option is Sundsvall at 10.1 kg — 53× less carbon, for 4.8 degrees less relief from the heat.

Every destination here is on the efficiency frontier: nowhere else this site covers is both cooler in September and lower in carbon. Anything a better option beats outright has been left out.

Where they are. Solid lines are rail or ferry, dashed are flights, from Stockholm. Pick one to compare.

By rail or ferry By air

Carbon against relief from the heat, September, departing Stockholm. Journeys of up to 15 hours each way.

What the 15-hour limit costs: at this budget Tromsø can only be reached by air — 289 kg CO₂e, in 5h. Allow up to 24 hours and the train does the same journey for 33.9 kg in 18h 36m — 9× less carbon for 13h 36m more travelling.

September from Stockholm — 4 destinations on the frontier, 2 without flying.
Destination	How	CO₂e return	Temp	Sun/day	Rain/day	Journey
Sundsvall, Sweden	Rail	10.1 kg	12.3 °C	8.4 h	2.3 mm	6h 30m
Östersund, Sweden	Rail	13.7 kg	10.7 °C	7.7 h	2.6 mm	8h 12m
Tromsø, Norway	Air	289 kg	9.7 °C	4.9 h	5.2 mm	5h
Reykjavik, Iceland	Air	536 kg	7.5 °C	6.3 h	3.5 mm	6h 18m

Warm is not the same as pleasant, which is why sunshine and rainfall are shown alongside temperature. All three are ERA5 monthly means for 2023–2024.

Where the curve breaks

The frontier is gentle until it isn't. Going from Östersund (13.7 kg, 3.9 °C cooler) to Tromsø (289 kg, 4.9 °C cooler) buys 1.0 °C more relief from the heat for an extra 275 kg — 275 kg of CO₂e per degree. That single step is the most expensive relief from the heat on the whole curve.

The pick of them

SundsvallSweden10.1 kg CO₂e return12.3 °C · 8.4 h sun · 6h 30m by railmild and bright

ÖstersundSweden13.7 kg CO₂e return10.7 °C · 7.7 h sun · 8h 12m by railmild and bright

ReykjavikIceland536 kg CO₂e return7.5 °C · 6.3 h sun · 6h 18m by aircool

The same month, asked differently

September answers differently depending on what you are after, and the lists genuinely diverge: the brightest places are not the hottest, and in summer the useful question stops being where is warm at all.

Where to stay in Reykjavik

Places to stay in Reykjavik, Iceland, on a live map. Prices and availability come from Stay22 and its booking partners.

Search places to stay in Reykjavik →Opens the booking search in a new tab. Same partners as the map below.

Affiliate disclosure. A booking made through this map may earn 0xCarbon a commission, at no extra cost to you. It changes nothing above it: the emissions figures come from UK Government conversion factors and are computed before anyone is paid anything.See the method.

Other months from Stockholm

September from elsewhere

Photo credits

Sundsvall: User:Ö1thpe0807 (image 1), User:I99limpan (image2), User:Larskallin (image3), Hans Lindqvist (image 4-5), Calle Eklund (, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Östersund: Lars Falkdalen Lindahl (User:Njaelkies Lea), CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Reykjavik: Hedwig Storch, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Tromsø: Diego Delso, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Bodø: Røed 20:41, 24 July 2006 (UTC), CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
Trondheim: Åge Hojem/Trondheim Havn from Trondheim, Norway, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Stirling: Stirling Council from Stirling, UK, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Luleå: Andreas Harnemo, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Dundee: File:442 dundee header.png (Tay Bridge and RSS Discovery images):- Original: PlutosAcademy File:V&A Dundee Near Completi, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Bergen: W. Bulach, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Questions

Where is the coolest place to go from Stockholm in September?

Reykjavik, Iceland, at 7.1 °C cooler. Reaching it emits 536 kg CO₂e return, travelling 6h 18m each way by air (modelled).

Can I get somewhere cool from Stockholm in September without flying?

Yes. Östersund reaches 3.9 °C cooler and is reachable by rail or ferry in 8h 12m (modelled), emitting 13.7 kg CO₂e return — though Reykjavik is cooler still, if you fly.

How much carbon does a return trip from Stockholm to Reykjavik produce?

536 kg CO₂e for one person, return, by air. That uses the UK Government's 2026 conversion factors, including radiative forcing for flights.

Carbon uses UK Government (DESNZ/DEFRA) 2026 conversion factors applied to great-circle distance, with radiative forcing included for flights. Rail journey times are modelled estimates, not timetabled services. Full method · download the data.