Modena
Reaching Modena from London emits 33.0 kg CO₂e return by rail (15h 48m each way) against 281 kg by air — 9× the carbon. It averages 26.5 °C in July and 4.1 °C in January.
Modena is a town of the Emilia-Romagna Region, in the middle of northern Italy. — Wikivoyage, CC BY-SA 4.0
When to go: Modena is warmest in July (26.5 °C); coldest in January (4.1 °C). Month by month
Getting there
| From | Distance | By rail | Rail time | By air | Air time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amsterdam | 967 km | 28.5 kg | 15h 36m | 243 kg | 4h 48m |
| Barcelona | 799 km | 23.6 kg | 13h 36m | 201 kg | 4h 36m |
| Berlin | 895 km | 26.4 kg | 12h 6m | 225 kg | 4h 42m |
| Birmingham | 1,281 km | 46.1 kg | 18h 36m | 322 kg | 5h 12m |
| Bristol | 1,255 km | 46.8 kg | 18h 48m | 316 kg | 5h 12m |
| Brussels | 846 km | 25.0 kg | 14h 12m | 213 kg | 4h 36m |
| Cardiff | 1,291 km | 50.0 kg | 19h 6m | 325 kg | 5h 12m |
| Copenhagen | 1,232 km | 36.3 kg | 19h 48m | 310 kg | 5h 6m |
| Dublin | 1,575 km | — | — | 396 kg | 5h 36m |
| Edinburgh | 1,602 km | 75.9 kg | 21h 36m | 403 kg | 5h 36m |
| Frankfurt | 631 km | 18.6 kg | 10h 48m | 159 kg | 4h 18m |
| Glasgow | 1,642 km | 77.7 kg | 21h 42m | 413 kg | 5h 42m |
| Leeds | 1,358 km | 54.9 kg | 19h 24m | 342 kg | 5h 18m |
| Lisbon | 1,787 km | 52.7 kg | 27h 48m | 449 kg | 5h 54m |
| Liverpool | 1,401 km | 56.0 kg | 19h 24m | 353 kg | 5h 24m |
| London | 1,119 km | 33.0 kg | 15h 48m | 281 kg | 5h |
| Madrid | 1,285 km | 37.9 kg | 16h 42m | 323 kg | 5h 12m |
| Manchester | 1,369 km | 54.1 kg | 19h 18m | 344 kg | 5h 18m |
| Milan | 164 km | 4.8 kg | 3h 42m | 41.2 kg | 3h 42m |
| Munich | 391 km | 11.5 kg | 7h 42m | 98.4 kg | 4h |
| Newcastle | 1,454 km | 65.0 kg | 20h 6m | 366 kg | 5h 24m |
| Nottingham | 1,275 km | 47.1 kg | 18h 54m | 321 kg | 5h 12m |
| Oslo | 1,697 km | 50.1 kg | 26h 30m | 427 kg | 5h 48m |
| Paris | 803 km | 23.7 kg | 11h 30m | 202 kg | 4h 36m |
| Prague | 660 km | 19.5 kg | 11h 30m | 166 kg | 4h 24m |
| Rome | 332 km | 9.8 kg | 5h 6m | 83.6 kg | 3h 54m |
| Sheffield | 1,323 km | 51.3 kg | 19h 12m | 333 kg | 5h 18m |
| Southampton | 1,152 km | 42.0 kg | 18h 30m | 290 kg | 5h |
| Stockholm | 1,702 km | 50.2 kg | 24h 48m | 428 kg | 5h 48m |
| Vienna | 575 km | 17.0 kg | 10h 18m | 145 kg | 4h 18m |
| Warsaw | 1,122 km | 33.1 kg | 17h 54m | 282 kg | 5h |
| Zurich | 354 km | 10.4 kg | 7h 6m | 88.9 kg | 4h |
The year in Modena
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temp °C | 4.1 | 6.6 | 10.7 | 13.0 | 17.2 | 22.5 | 26.5 | 26.2 | 20.8 | 17.0 | 8.4 | 4.3 |
| Sun h/day | 5.0 | 7.0 | 8.5 | 10.5 | 9.8 | 12.2 | 13.8 | 11.8 | 9.9 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 5.4 |
| Rain mm/day | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 5.0 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 0.8 | 1.9 |
When to go
Modena is warmest in July at 26.5 °C, and that is also its brightest month. Its coldest is January at 4.1 °C.
Three months worth booking
The same year of measurements, decided rather than tabulated. Each opens the map below on dates in that month.
Staying there
A hotel room in Italy emits about 14.3 kg CO₂e per night under UK Government 2026 factors — a country average per occupied room, not this or any particular hotel. 7 nights in one room adds roughly 100 kg — about 20.9× the carbon of one person getting there by rail from Milan. Two sharing the room halve that share each; the journey does not halve.
How busy it gets
Modena records 3 overnight stays per resident a year (2,115,708 nights in 2025). Comparatively quiet by European standards.
Eurostat, nights spent at tourist accommodation by NUTS 3 region, against resident population. Shown for context only — it plays no part in which destinations appear or in what order. Eurostat does not cover the United Kingdom after 2016, nor North Africa or the Levant at all, so this figure is absent for roughly a third of the destinations here.
Where to stay in Modena
Places to stay in Modena, Italy, on a live map. Prices and availability come from Stay22 and its booking partners.
Search places to stay in Modena →Opens the booking search in a new tab. Same partners as the map below.
Affiliate disclosure. A booking made through this map may earn 0xCarbon a commission, at no extra cost to you. It changes nothing above it: the emissions figures come from UK Government conversion factors and are computed before anyone is paid anything.See the method.
Distances are great-circle. Rail assumes international rail at 0.01135 kg CO₂e per passenger-km with a 1.3× track detour allowance; flights use 0.12576 kg per passenger-km including radiative forcing. Journey times are modelled, not timetabled. Full method.