Lisbon
Reaching Lisbon from London emits 46.8 kg CO₂e return by rail (23h each way) against 399 kg by air — 9× the carbon. It averages 23.3 °C in August and 12.1 °C in December.
Lisbon (Portuguese: Lisboa) is the capital of Portugal situated on seven hills at the wide mouth of the river Tagus (Tejo) where it meets the Atlantic Ocean. — Wikivoyage, CC BY-SA 4.0
When to go: Lisbon is warmest in August (23.3 °C), sunniest in July (13.3 h a day); coldest in December (12.1 °C). Month by month
Getting there
| From | Distance | By rail | Rail time | By air | Air time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amsterdam | 1,863 km | 55.0 kg | 23h 24m | 469 kg | 6h |
| Barcelona | 1,006 km | 29.7 kg | 12h 24m | 253 kg | 4h 48m |
| Berlin | 2,313 km | 68.3 kg | 28h 42m | 582 kg | 6h 36m |
| Birmingham | 1,628 km | 59.8 kg | 25h 42m | 410 kg | 5h 42m |
| Bristol | 1,505 km | 60.5 kg | 26h | 378 kg | 5h 30m |
| Brussels | 1,713 km | 50.5 kg | 21h 30m | 431 kg | 5h 48m |
| Cardiff | 1,492 km | 63.8 kg | 26h 18m | 375 kg | 5h 30m |
| Copenhagen | 2,478 km | 73.1 kg | 34h 12m | 623 kg | 6h 48m |
| Dublin | 1,639 km | — | — | 412 kg | 5h 42m |
| Edinburgh | 1,966 km | 89.7 kg | 28h 42m | 494 kg | 6h 6m |
| Frankfurt | 1,891 km | 55.8 kg | 23h 42m | 476 kg | 6h |
| Glasgow | 1,940 km | 91.4 kg | 28h 54m | 488 kg | 6h 6m |
| Leeds | 1,772 km | 68.6 kg | 26h 36m | 446 kg | 5h 54m |
| Liverpool | 1,699 km | 69.8 kg | 26h 36m | 427 kg | 5h 48m |
| London | 1,585 km | 46.8 kg | 23h | 399 kg | 5h 36m |
| Madrid | 503 km | 14.9 kg | 9h 18m | 127 kg | 4h 12m |
| Manchester | 1,723 km | 67.8 kg | 26h 30m | 433 kg | 5h 48m |
| Milan | 1,683 km | 49.7 kg | 25h 42m | 423 kg | 5h 42m |
| Munich | 1,964 km | 58.0 kg | 25h 48m | 494 kg | 6h 6m |
| Newcastle | 1,893 km | 78.8 kg | 27h 12m | 476 kg | 6h |
| Nottingham | 1,697 km | 60.9 kg | 26h 6m | 427 kg | 5h 48m |
| Oslo | 2,738 km | 80.8 kg | 41h 36m | 689 kg | 7h 12m |
| Paris | 1,453 km | 42.9 kg | 18h 36m | 365 kg | 5h 24m |
| Prague | 2,243 km | 66.2 kg | 32h 36m | 564 kg | 6h 30m |
| Rome | 1,865 km | 55.0 kg | 28h 54m | 469 kg | 6h |
| Sheffield | 1,732 km | 65.1 kg | 26h 24m | 436 kg | 5h 48m |
| Southampton | 1,484 km | 55.7 kg | 25h 42m | 373 kg | 5h 30m |
| Stockholm | 2,989 km | 88.2 kg | 40h 36m | 752 kg | 7h 30m |
| Vienna | 2,299 km | 67.8 kg | 30h 54m | 578 kg | 6h 36m |
| Warsaw | 2,759 km | 81.4 kg | 36h 12m | 694 kg | 7h 12m |
| Zurich | 1,723 km | 50.9 kg | 24h 6m | 434 kg | 5h 48m |
The year in Lisbon
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temp °C | 12.3 | 12.7 | 13.9 | 17.1 | 18.3 | 20.7 | 22.3 | 23.3 | 20.7 | 19.3 | 16.0 | 12.1 |
| Sun h/day | 7.5 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 11.6 | 12.4 | 12.6 | 13.3 | 12.3 | 10.5 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 7.8 |
| Rain mm/day | 2.9 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 0.8 |
| Sea °C | 16.2 | 15.7 | 15.4 | 16.5 | 16.8 | 18.2 | 18.0 | 18.5 | 18.1 | 19.2 | 18.5 | 17.3 |
When to go
Lisbon is warmest in August at 23.3 °C but brightest in July, averaging 13.3 hours of sun a day — the two do not always coincide, which is worth knowing before booking. Its coldest is December at 12.1 °C.
Three months worth booking
The same year of measurements, decided rather than tabulated. Each opens the map below on dates in that month.
Staying there
A hotel room in Portugal emits about 19 kg CO₂e per night under UK Government 2026 factors — a country average per occupied room, not this or any particular hotel. 7 nights in one room adds roughly 133 kg — about 8.9× the carbon of one person getting there by rail from Madrid. Two sharing the room halve that share each; the journey does not halve.
How busy it gets
Grande Lisboa records 9.3 overnight stays per resident a year (20,027,552 nights in 2025). A well-visited region, busy in season but not overwhelmed.
Eurostat, nights spent at tourist accommodation by NUTS 3 region, against resident population. Shown for context only — it plays no part in which destinations appear or in what order. Eurostat does not cover the United Kingdom after 2016, nor North Africa or the Levant at all, so this figure is absent for roughly a third of the destinations here.
Where to stay in Lisbon
Places to stay in Lisbon, Portugal, on a live map. Prices and availability come from Stay22 and its booking partners.
Search places to stay in Lisbon →Opens the booking search in a new tab. Same partners as the map below.
Affiliate disclosure. A booking made through this map may earn 0xCarbon a commission, at no extra cost to you. It changes nothing above it: the emissions figures come from UK Government conversion factors and are computed before anyone is paid anything.See the method.
Distances are great-circle. Rail assumes international rail at 0.01135 kg CO₂e per passenger-km with a 1.3× track detour allowance; flights use 0.12576 kg per passenger-km including radiative forcing. Journey times are modelled, not timetabled. Full method.