Leeuwarden
Reaching Leeuwarden from London emits 13.1 kg CO₂e return by rail (8h 12m each way) against 112 kg by air — 9× the carbon. It averages 17.7 °C in August and 4.6 °C in January.
Leeuwarden is the capital of the Dutch province Friesland in the north of the country. — Wikivoyage, CC BY-SA 4.0
When to go: Leeuwarden is warmest in August (17.7 °C), sunniest in June (12.4 h a day); coldest in January (4.6 °C). Month by month
Getting there
| From | Distance | By rail | Rail time | By air | Air time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barcelona | 1,342 km | 39.6 kg | 15h 6m | 338 kg | 5h 18m |
| Berlin | 516 km | 15.2 kg | 8h 18m | 130 kg | 4h 12m |
| Birmingham | 524 km | 26.2 kg | 11h | 132 kg | 4h 12m |
| Bristol | 603 km | 26.9 kg | 11h 12m | 152 kg | 4h 18m |
| Brussels | 280 km | 8.3 kg | 5h 36m | 70.4 kg | 3h 54m |
| Cardiff | 640 km | 30.1 kg | 11h 30m | 161 kg | 4h 24m |
| Copenhagen | 516 km | 15.2 kg | 9h 24m | 130 kg | 4h 12m |
| Dublin | 801 km | — | — | 202 kg | 4h 36m |
| Edinburgh | 655 km | 56.0 kg | 14h | 165 kg | 4h 24m |
| Frankfurt | 396 km | 11.7 kg | 7h 30m | 99.7 kg | 4h |
| Glasgow | 713 km | 57.8 kg | 14h 6m | 179 kg | 4h 30m |
| Leeds | 491 km | 35.0 kg | 11h 48m | 124 kg | 4h 12m |
| Lisbon | 1,973 km | 58.2 kg | 30h 18m | 496 kg | 6h 6m |
| Liverpool | 584 km | 36.2 kg | 11h 48m | 147 kg | 4h 18m |
| London | 445 km | 13.1 kg | 8h 12m | 112 kg | 4h 6m |
| Madrid | 1,592 km | 47.0 kg | 18h 42m | 401 kg | 5h 36m |
| Manchester | 535 km | 34.2 kg | 11h 42m | 135 kg | 4h 12m |
| Milan | 894 km | 26.4 kg | 14h 54m | 225 kg | 4h 42m |
| Munich | 694 km | 20.5 kg | 11h 42m | 175 kg | 4h 24m |
| Newcastle | 522 km | 45.1 kg | 12h 30m | 131 kg | 4h 12m |
| Nottingham | 466 km | 27.2 kg | 11h 18m | 117 kg | 4h 6m |
| Oslo | 805 km | 23.7 kg | 13h 36m | 202 kg | 4h 36m |
| Paris | 541 km | 16.0 kg | 7h | 136 kg | 4h 12m |
| Prague | 687 km | 20.3 kg | 11h 54m | 173 kg | 4h 24m |
| Rome | 1,353 km | 39.9 kg | 18h 24m | 340 kg | 5h 18m |
| Sheffield | 484 km | 31.4 kg | 11h 36m | 122 kg | 4h 6m |
| Southampton | 555 km | 22.1 kg | 10h 54m | 140 kg | 4h 12m |
| Stockholm | 1,016 km | 30.0 kg | 14h 48m | 255 kg | 4h 54m |
| Vienna | 927 km | 27.3 kg | 15h 24m | 233 kg | 4h 42m |
| Warsaw | 1,028 km | 30.3 kg | 15h 48m | 259 kg | 4h 54m |
| Zurich | 677 km | 20.0 kg | 11h 48m | 170 kg | 4h 24m |
The year in Leeuwarden
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temp °C | 4.6 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 13.5 | 16.2 | 17.2 | 17.7 | 16.5 | 12.2 | 7.2 | 6.3 |
| Sun h/day | 3.9 | 3.9 | 5.5 | 9.0 | 11.4 | 12.4 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 9.3 | 5.4 | 3.4 | 1.9 |
| Rain mm/day | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.8 |
| Sea °C | 7.1 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 9.5 | 12.9 | 15.6 | 18.1 | 19.3 | 18.7 | 14.7 | 11.1 | 7.5 |
When to go
Leeuwarden is warmest in August at 17.7 °C but brightest in June, averaging 12.4 hours of sun a day — the two do not always coincide, which is worth knowing before booking. Its coldest is January at 4.6 °C.
Three months worth booking
The same year of measurements, decided rather than tabulated. Each opens the map below on dates in that month.
Staying there
A hotel room in The Netherlands emits about 14.8 kg CO₂e per night under UK Government 2026 factors — a country average per occupied room, not this or any particular hotel. 7 nights in one room adds roughly 104 kg — about 12.5× the carbon of one person getting there by rail from Brussels. Two sharing the room halve that share each; the journey does not halve.
How busy it gets
Noord-Friesland records 12.4 overnight stays per resident a year (4,093,770 nights in 2024). A well-visited region, busy in season but not overwhelmed.
Eurostat, nights spent at tourist accommodation by NUTS 3 region, against resident population. Shown for context only — it plays no part in which destinations appear or in what order. Eurostat does not cover the United Kingdom after 2016, nor North Africa or the Levant at all, so this figure is absent for roughly a third of the destinations here.
Where to stay in Leeuwarden
Places to stay in Leeuwarden, The Netherlands, on a live map. Prices and availability come from Stay22 and its booking partners.
Search places to stay in Leeuwarden →Opens the booking search in a new tab. Same partners as the map below.
Affiliate disclosure. A booking made through this map may earn 0xCarbon a commission, at no extra cost to you. It changes nothing above it: the emissions figures come from UK Government conversion factors and are computed before anyone is paid anything.See the method.
Distances are great-circle. Rail assumes international rail at 0.01135 kg CO₂e per passenger-km with a 1.3× track detour allowance; flights use 0.12576 kg per passenger-km including radiative forcing. Journey times are modelled, not timetabled. Full method.